Atom & its Structure MCQ Quiz – Part 1
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This Atom & its Structure MCQ Quiz helps aspirants revise important concepts related to the structure of atoms, subatomic particles, and atomic models, which are frequently asked in competitive exams. Regular practice of these MCQs improves conceptual understanding and helps candidates answer chemistry questions quickly and accurately.
GK Series – Chemistry – Atom & its Structure MCQ Quiz |
|
| Subject | Chemistry |
| Chapter | Atom & its Structure |
| Part | 1 |
| Questions | 25 |
Who Should Attempt This Atom & its Structure MCQ Quiz?
This Atom & its Structure MCQ Quiz is useful for aspirants preparing for SSC, Railways, Defence, and other government job exams, where basic chemistry questions are commonly asked in the General Knowledge section.
Topics Covered in This Atom & its Structure MCQ Quiz
This Atom & its Structure MCQ Quiz is useful for aspirants preparing for SSC, Railways, Defence, and other government job exams, where basic chemistry questions are commonly asked in the General Knowledge section.
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Question 1 of 25
1. Question
The law stating that mass can neither be created nor destroyed is called
Correct
➤ Given by Antoine Lavoisier (Father of Chemistry).
➤ Total mass of reactants = total mass of products.
➤ Example: 2Hg + O₂ → 2HgO.Incorrect
➤ Given by Antoine Lavoisier (Father of Chemistry).
➤ Total mass of reactants = total mass of products.
➤ Example: 2Hg + O₂ → 2HgO. -
Question 2 of 25
2. Question
The law of constant proportion was given by
Correct
➤ Joseph Proust proposed it.
➤ Elements combine in fixed ratio by mass.
➤ Example: H₂O = 1:8 ratio.Incorrect
➤ Joseph Proust proposed it.
➤ Elements combine in fixed ratio by mass.
➤ Example: H₂O = 1:8 ratio. -
Question 3 of 25
3. Question
According to Dalton’s atomic theory, atoms are
Correct
➤ Atoms are indivisible and indestructible (Dalton).
➤ Same element → same mass & properties.
➤ Chemical reactions = rearrangement of atoms.Incorrect
➤ Atoms are indivisible and indestructible (Dalton).
➤ Same element → same mass & properties.
➤ Chemical reactions = rearrangement of atoms. -
Question 4 of 25
4. Question
The subatomic particle discovered by J.J. Thomson is
Correct
➤ Discovered in 1897 using cathode ray experiment.
➤ Electron is negatively charged.Incorrect
➤ Discovered in 1897 using cathode ray experiment.
➤ Electron is negatively charged. -
Question 5 of 25
5. Question
Thomson’s atomic model is also known as
Correct
➤ Also called watermelon model / raisin pudding model.
➤ Positive charge spread, electrons embedded.Incorrect
➤ Also called watermelon model / raisin pudding model.
➤ Positive charge spread, electrons embedded. -
Question 6 of 25
6. Question
Which experiment led to the discovery of nucleus?
Correct
➤ Rutherford’s experiment (1909).
➤ Most particles passed → atom mostly empty.
➤ Some deflected → dense nucleus present.Incorrect
➤ Rutherford’s experiment (1909).
➤ Most particles passed → atom mostly empty.
➤ Some deflected → dense nucleus present. -
Question 7 of 25
7. Question
What was the major conclusion of Rutherford’s model?
Correct
➤ Mass concentrated in nucleus.
➤ Electrons revolve around it.
➤ Drawback: couldn’t explain stability.Incorrect
➤ Mass concentrated in nucleus.
➤ Electrons revolve around it.
➤ Drawback: couldn’t explain stability. -
Question 8 of 25
8. Question
Who proposed the planetary model of atom?
Correct
➤ Bohr (1913) improved Rutherford model.
➤ Electrons move in fixed energy levels (shells K, L, M, N).
➤ No energy loss in stable orbit.Incorrect
➤ Bohr (1913) improved Rutherford model.
➤ Electrons move in fixed energy levels (shells K, L, M, N).
➤ No energy loss in stable orbit. -
Question 9 of 25
9. Question
The maximum number of electrons in K shell is
Correct
➤ Formula: 2n²
➤ For K (n=1) → 2 electrons.Incorrect
➤ Formula: 2n²
➤ For K (n=1) → 2 electrons. -
Question 10 of 25
10. Question
When an electron jumps from lower to higher energy level, it
Correct
➤ Absorbs energy (excited state).
➤ Reverse → emits energy (radiation).Incorrect
➤ Absorbs energy (excited state).
➤ Reverse → emits energy (radiation). -
Question 11 of 25
11. Question
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
Correct
➤ Electron has -1 charge.
➤ Found outside nucleus (extranuclear region).
➤ Mass ≈ 1/1840 of proton.Incorrect
➤ Electron has -1 charge.
➤ Found outside nucleus (extranuclear region).
➤ Mass ≈ 1/1840 of proton. -
Question 12 of 25
12. Question
Which particle is positively charged?
Correct
➤ Proton has +1 charge.
➤ Located inside nucleus.
➤ Discovered by Rutherford (1920).Incorrect
➤ Proton has +1 charge.
➤ Located inside nucleus.
➤ Discovered by Rutherford (1920). -
Question 13 of 25
13. Question
Which particle has no charge?
Correct
➤ Neutron has no charge.
➤ Discovered by James Chadwick (1932).
➤ Slightly heavier than proton.Incorrect
➤ Neutron has no charge.
➤ Discovered by James Chadwick (1932).
➤ Slightly heavier than proton. -
Question 14 of 25
14. Question
Which scientist discovered the neutron?
Correct
➤ James Chadwick (1932).
➤ Completed atomic structure understanding.Incorrect
➤ James Chadwick (1932).
➤ Completed atomic structure understanding. -
Question 15 of 25
15. Question
Which particle is present in the nucleus?
Correct
➤ Nucleus = proton + neutron (nucleons).
➤ Contains almost all mass.Incorrect
➤ Nucleus = proton + neutron (nucleons).
➤ Contains almost all mass. -
Question 16 of 25
16. Question
Which of the following has maximum mass?
Correct
➤ Neutron slightly heavier than proton.
➤ Electron mass is negligible.Incorrect
➤ Neutron slightly heavier than proton.
➤ Electron mass is negligible. -
Question 17 of 25
17. Question
Which particle revolves around the nucleus?
Correct
➤ Electrons revolve in shells (Bohr model).
➤ Responsible for chemical reactions.Incorrect
➤ Electrons revolve in shells (Bohr model).
➤ Responsible for chemical reactions. -
Question 18 of 25
18. Question
The number of protons in an atom determines its
Correct
➤ Atomic number (Z) = number of protons.
➤ Also equals electrons in neutral atom.Incorrect
➤ Atomic number (Z) = number of protons.
➤ Also equals electrons in neutral atom. -
Question 19 of 25
19. Question
Mass number of an atom is equal to
Correct
➤ Mass number (A) = p + n.
➤ Called nucleons.Incorrect
➤ Mass number (A) = p + n.
➤ Called nucleons. -
Question 20 of 25
20. Question
Which statement is correct for a neutral atom?
Correct
➤ Equal positive & negative charge → neutral atom.
➤ p = e condition.Incorrect
➤ Equal positive & negative charge → neutral atom.
➤ p = e condition. -
Question 21 of 25
21. Question
Atomic number (Z) of an element represents
Correct
➤ Atomic number = number of protons.
➤ In neutral atom → also equals electrons.
➤ Does NOT change in chemical reactions.Incorrect
➤ Atomic number = number of protons.
➤ In neutral atom → also equals electrons.
➤ Does NOT change in chemical reactions. -
Question 22 of 25
22. Question
Which of the following does NOT change during a chemical reaction?
Correct
➤ Atomic number remains constant.
➤ Only electrons rearrange.Incorrect
➤ Atomic number remains constant.
➤ Only electrons rearrange. -
Question 23 of 25
23. Question
Mass number is always
Correct
➤ Mass number = p + n → always integer.
Incorrect
➤ Mass number = p + n → always integer.
-
Question 24 of 25
24. Question
Number of neutrons is calculated by
Correct
➤ Neutrons = Mass number – Atomic number.
Incorrect
➤ Neutrons = Mass number – Atomic number.
-
Question 25 of 25
25. Question
If atomic number = 11 and mass number = 23, neutrons =
Correct
➤ n = 23 – 11 = 12 neutrons.
Incorrect
➤ n = 23 – 11 = 12 neutrons.