➤ Epidemic Diseases (Amendment) Ordinance, 2020: This ordinance was introduced to amend the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897, to provide stricter punishment for violence against healthcare workers.
➤ Key Amendments:
⇒ Expanded the definition of “healthcare service personnel” to include doctors, nurses, paramedics, and ASHA workers.
⇒ Stringent penalties for attacks on healthcare workers, with imprisonment of up to 7 years and fines up to ₹5 lakh.
⇒ Fast-track investigation with a time limit of 30 days, and the trial to be completed within one year.
⇒ Provision for compensation to healthcare workers for damage or loss of property.

★ The Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897 was originally enacted during the bubonic plague in British India.
★ The 2020 amendment was crucial during the COVID-19 pandemic to protect frontline workers.

➤ High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Amendment Bill, 2021: This bill was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 30th November 2021 to amend the High Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1954, and the Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1958.
➤ Key Provisions of the Bill:
⇒ Clarifies the pension benefits of retired judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts.
⇒ Ensures that additional quantum of pension is provided based on the judge’s age.
⇒ Aims to remove ambiguities in the interpretation of pension provisions.

★ Introduced on 30th November 2021, the bill was passed to streamline pension benefits for retired judges.
★ It ensures that post-retirement benefits are aligned with the existing service conditions.

➤ Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2021: This bill was introduced to bring electoral reforms in India, focusing on improving voter registration and reducing fraudulent practices.
➤ Key Reform – Multiple Eligibility Dates:
⇒ Earlier, 1st January was the only cut-off date for determining voter eligibility based on age.
⇒ The amendment introduces four cut-off dates: 1st January, 1st April, 1st July, and 1st October.
⇒ This allows new voters (18+ years old) to register multiple times a year instead of waiting for the next January.

★ The Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2021 introduces four eligibility dates to increase voter enrollment opportunities and make the process more flexible.

➤ Airport Economic Regulatory Authority (AERA) Amendment Act, 2021: This Act was introduced to enhance private sector participation in airport development and management by modifying the criteria for major airports and their regulation.
➤ Key Amendments:
⇒ The government can declare any airport a “major airport” through a notification, without relying on passenger traffic numbers.
⇒ The government can bundle profitable and loss-making airports together for bidding under the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model.
⇒ Airports can now be offered as a package in PPP mode to attract private investment.

★ The definition of a major airport no longer depends on handling 35 lakh passengers annually, making option D incorrect.

➤ The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019: This law criminalized instant triple talaq (talaq-e-biddat) and provided protection for Muslim women from arbitrary divorce.
➤ Key Provisions:
⇒ Section 5: Grants subsistence allowance to Muslim women and their dependent children, ensuring financial security after divorce.
⇒ Section 3: Declares triple talaq illegal and void.
⇒ Section 4: Prescribes a punishment of up to three years for husbands practicing triple talaq.
⇒ Section 6: Provides for the custody of minor children to be decided by the magistrate.

★ Section 5 specifically deals with subsistence allowance, making option A correct.