Bhushan Ramkrishna Gavai: Will Be The 52nd Chief Justice Of India
• Oath → 14th May 2025
• Will Replace: Sanjiv Khanna

Chief Justice Of India –
• Appointed by: President Of India
• Under: Article 124 (Clause 2)
• Tenure: Age Of 65 Years
• First CJI: Hiralal J Kania

Law Commission of India –
• An advisory body to → M/o Law and Justice
• Function: To research & advise The → GOI on legal reform
• Tenure: 3 Years
• Chairman: Justice Dinesh Maheshwari (23rd)

First Time Formed → at 1834 — Under The Chairmanship of Lord Macaulay
• 1st Time In Independent IND → 1955

Bhagavad Gita: Holy Book Of Hinduism {Part Of Mahabharata}
▪ Written By: Ved Vyas
▪ It features a conversation between — Prince Arjuna & Lord Krishna
▪ Offering teachings on — Dharma (duty), Karma (action), Bhakti (devotion) & Jnana (knowledge)
▪ Natya Shastra (Book On Performing Arts): written By — Bharata Muni

Station Name: Hatsushima Station
▪ Completed in → 6 Hours Using — additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology

Global Technology Summit (GTS) 2025 –
▪ Edition: 9th
▪ Held at New Delhi, IND
▪ Hosted By: Ministry of External Affairs
▪ Theme: Sambhavna” (Possibilities)

INDIA Will Buy 26 Rafale-M Fighter Jets → For Indian Navy (from — France) –
1. 22 Single-Seater Carrier-Compliant Rafale-M Jets
2. 4 Twin-Seater Trainer Jets

Times Higher Education (THE) Asia University Rankings 2025 –

→ Top In INDIA
1. IISc Bengaluru (38th InAsia)
2. Anna University

→ In ASIA
1. Tsinghua University — China

Recently India Suspended Indus Water Treaty — Due To Terrorists Attack in Pahalgam, Baisaran Valley, J&K
▪ Date: 22 April 2025
▪ 28 Innocent Civilians — Killed
▪ Claims of responsibility: The Resistance Front (TRF) — Branch of Pakistan Based Terrorist Group ‘Lashkar-e-Taiba’

Indus Water Treaty –
• Signed In → 1960 Between » India & Pakistan
• Indus River & It’s Tributaries » Divided Into 2 Parts
1. Eastern Rivers: Beas, Ravi, Sutlej » Control → India
2. Western Rivers: Indus, Jhelum, Chenab → control » largely to Pakistan {India can build Dam, Irrigation system….}
▪ Pakal Dul Hydropower Project — Being Constructed at Chenab River
▪ Kishanganga Hydroelectric P. — Kishanganga River (Tributary of Jhelum)
▪ Ratle Hydroelectric Plant: Chenab River (2028)

2025 Laureus World Sports Award –
1. Sportsman Of The Year Award → Mondo Duplantis (pole vaulter)
2. Sportswoman Of The Year: Simone Biles (gymnast)
3. Breakthrough Of The Year Award: Lamine Yamal (football)

EX-DUSTLIK: Joint Military Exercise –
• 2025 Edition: 6th
• Between: Indian & Uzbekistan Army
• Location: Aundh, Pune

Participated From India: Minister of State for Labour & Eemployment — Shobha Karandlaje
▪ THEME: Strengthening the Cooperation of the Global South for More Inclusive and Sustainable GOVERNANCE
▪ BRICS Adopts Declaration on — AI, Climate Change, and Employment

Why In News: African Cheetah Will Be Relocated From Kuno National Park (MP) To → Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary
▪ Approved By: Cheetah Project Steering Committee — under National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA)
▪ Under » World’s 1st Cheetah Rehabilitation Project
▪ 12 Cheetahs Brought From South Africa & 8 Cheetahs from → Namibia
▪ Introduced In → Kuno National Park (MP)

Total SCs Reservation — 15 % (Telangana)
▪ Telangana Divided 59 Sub-castes Into — 3 Groups
▪ Article 341: President can declare Scheduled Castes for a State/UT — after consulting the Governor.
▪ Article 342: President can declare Scheduled Tribes for a State/UT — after consulting the Governor.

First Ever ‘Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI)’ For 2022-23 –
▪ Released By: Panchayati Raj Ministry
▪ Index Measures → Developmental Performance of Gram Panchayats
▪ Top Performing States –
1. Gujarat
2. Telangana
3. Maharashtra

Modernisation of Command Area Development and Water Management (MCADWM) –
▪ Sub-scheme of → Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
▪ Aim: To Modernize Irrigation Water Supply Network
▪ Total Budget Allocated: ₹ 1600 Cr

Dire Wolf — An extinct species (Extinct 13,000 Years Ago)
▪ De-extinction Process: Used ancient DNA from dire wolf fossils — To reconstruct the dire wolf genome
▪ Then Used gene-editing technology — CRISPR → To Modify The Genome Of ‘Grey Wolf’
▪ Surrogate Mothers: Domestic Dog
▪ Wolf Puppies Name: Romulus, Remus, Khaleesi

According to 2025 Technology and Innovation Report –
▪ Issued by → UN Conference On Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
▪ IND’s Rank: 10th { $1.4 Billion In Private AI Investments}
▪ Top Countries: USA → China

2 archaeological sites from the Harappan era — Mitathal and Tighranaa (Bhiwani district)
▪ Declared As — Protected Archaeological Monument
▪ Other IVC Sites (From Haryana) — Rakhigarhi, Banawali

3 Type Of Bihu Festival → Celebrated In » Assam –
1. Bohag Bihu or Rongali Bihu: Spring Festival → April
2. Kongali’ or ‘Kati Bihu’: Animistic Festival → Oct {celebrated by lighting a lamp in front of TULSI tree}
3. ‘Bhogali’ or ‘Magh Bihu’: Harvest Festival → Jan
▪ Other Festivals (Assam): Ambubachi {at Kamakhya Temple}, Baishagu, Me-Dam-Me-Phi, Ali Ai Ligang (Mising Tribe)

Dr Bhim Rao Ambedkar: 135th Anniversary (at 2025)

Fact –
• Born: 14 April 1891 {Mhow → MP}
• Father Of Indian Constitution
• Chairman: Constitution Drafting Committee
• Book: “The Problem of the Rupee: It’s Origin & Its Solution” → Which Led to Creation Of RBI
• Award: Bharat Ratna (1990)

BIMSTEC Summit 2025 –
• Held at → Bangkok, Thailand
• Participated From IND: PM Narendra Modi
• Theme: BIMSTEC: Prosperous, Resilient, and Open

Highlights –
1. India introduced — BODHI Program (BIMSTEC for Organized Development of Human Resource Infrastructure)
2. Adopted — Bangkok Vision 2030 → Focus On economic integration, infrastructure, and technology.

Sarhul: Festival Of Flowers → Celebrated By Adivasi Community
▪ Other Festivals (Jharkhand) — Karma, Bhagta Parab, Jawa, Sohrai

Other Arts –
❖ Chikankari Embroidery – Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
❖ Bandhani Print – Gujarat and Rajasthan
❖ Saudagari Block Print – Ahmedabad, Gujarat
❖ Kalamkari Art – Andhra Pradesh and Telangana

The Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2024 –
▪ Introduced in Lok Sabha on → 8 August 2024
▪ Introduced By → Minority Affairs Minister » Kiren Rijiju
▪ Passed By Parliament (April 2025) — After President’s Assent — Became An Act

Waqf: Refers property dedicated to religious or charitable purposes in Islam
The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025 –
▪ Main Purpose: To improve the management, regulate the Waqf propertie & To ssettle related disputes
▪ There are 8.72 lakh waqf properties, covering — 38 lakh acres area
▪ Key Provisions
1. Section 40 of the original Waqf Act (1995) → has been removed → It gives Waqf Board → authority to decide whether a property is a Waqf property or not.
2. Technology & Central Portal: Will Be Setup → Mutawallis (caretaker of a waqf) must register property details on the Portal
3. Waqf Boards: include two non-Muslim members & among Muslim members → at least two must be women.

QS World Future Skills Index 2025 –
• Released By → Quacquarelli Symonds (QS)
• Indicators: Future of Work, Skills Fit, Academic Readiness, Economic Transformation
• IND’s Rank → 25th (Overall)
• 2nd In → “Future Of Work” Category